Skies set the mood for landscapes and can be subjects in their own right. Understanding cloud types, atmospheric perspective, and light behaviour helps you paint convincing, evocative skies.
Understanding Sky Colour
Clear Sky Gradient
- Darker blue at zenith (top)
- Lighter toward horizon
- Warmer near horizon (more yellow/pink)
- Never uniform colour
Cloud Types
Cumulus
Fluffy, cotton-like clouds:
- Flat bottoms, rounded tops
- Bright white tops in sunlight
- Grey-blue shadows underneath
- Vary sizes for depth
Stratus
Layered, sheet-like clouds:
- Horizontal bands
- Soft, diffused edges
- Often grey or white
- Create overcast skies
Cirrus
High, wispy clouds:
- Thin, feathery strands
- Often curved or hooked
- Very high altitude
- Indicate weather changes
Painting Techniques
Sky First
- Paint sky before landscape
- Work from top down
- Establish value range
- Let dry before adding land
Soft Edges
- Most cloud edges are soft
- Blend while wet
- Use soft brushes
- Only sharpen key edges
Light Conditions
Golden Hour
- Warm orange and pink tones
- Long shadows
- Dramatic colour
- Clouds catch warm light
Sunset/Sunrise
- Most dramatic colours
- Reds, oranges, purples
- Silhouetted clouds
- Rapid colour changes
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